Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with an absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body and characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders.Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in the full sense of the word, but an improper lifestyle and diet.Diabetic nutrition therefore plays an important role in the patient's well-being.
Foods to include and exclude from the diet for type 2 diabetes
Nutrition for diabetes should be correct and include foods with a low glycemic index (from 10 to 40):
- vegetables: tomatoes, eggplants, cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini, green beans and other green vegetables;
- eggs;
- mushrooms and various nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, cranberries, lingonberries, plums, pears, apples, gooseberries, strawberries, strawberries and juices from them;
- citrus fruits: lemon, orange, tangerine and grapefruit;
- products made from cereals and bran: barley bread, rice bran, oat flakes, buckwheat, spaghetti and pasta with durum wheat flour;
- dietary meat: poultry, rabbit, turkey, veal;
- low-fat fish and fish products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold-pressed flaxseed oil;
- mineral water.
Limitconsumption of foods with an average glycemic index (40 to 70)
- dairy products: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- low-fat or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (boiled and stewed), carrots, legumes;
- whole grain flour bread, rye bread, dark bread, yeast bread;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- apple and grape juice, sugar-free;
- instant oatmeal;
- jam;
- raisins, melon, kiwi;
- industrial mayonnaise;
- canned corn;
- pancakes made from wheat flour;
- brown rice
Excludediet foods with a high glycemic index (70 to 100)
- watermelon;
- wheat cereals and breads;
- cornflakes;
- fried and baked;
- caramel and honey, jam, sweets, sugar;
- white bread;
- alcohol and carbonated and non-carbonated sugary drinks;
- coffee, tea, replacing them with chicory, green tea and blueberry leaf tea;
- sweet fruits: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- processed meat products: sausages, frankfurters, small sausages, chicken, smoked meat.
In addition to taking medications prescribed by a doctor, you should use medicinal plants: chicory, cornflower leaves, dandelion root, mantle, bean leaves and a collection of hypoglycemic herbs.
In addition, diabetics are advised to lead an active lifestyle, move more, including walking up to 2 km a day, climbing stairs, doing physical labor, unless of course they have suffered a heart attack or stroke.Adjust your sleep schedule, sleep at least 7 hours a day, go to bed no later than 1 a.m.
Basic steps and diet rules for type 2 diabetes
It's no secret that diabetes mellitus mainly affects overweight and obese people.
First step of the diet-2 weeks to get rid of extra pounds.During this time, only eat foods with a low glycemic index.
In case of hyperglycemia, it is recommended to eat strictly 3 times a day, without snacks, then insulin will have time to be used.Instead of snacking, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, one portion should fit in the palm of your hand.
Second stage of the diet– 15 days, consolidation of results.During this period, we consume foods with a low and medium glycemic index.We limit the consumption of sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
The third stage of the diet– for the rest of my life, stay fit and follow the rules.The menu should include low and medium glycemic levels.
From my own experience, I have been diabetic for 11 years, I know that 70% of good health depends on what you eat for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and 20% on activity during the day and only 10% on medications.
Meals for diabetes mellitus for BREAKFAST list of dishes
For breakfast, you can prepare the following dishes:
- Oatmeal - made from natural cereals and low-fat milk, with the addition of a small amount of wild berries, raisins and dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran - with milk or low-fat yogurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or porridge: tongue, rabbit, meat;or meatball, meat soufflé.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of cheese on whole grain bread.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese, with low-fat sour cream, yogurt or kefir.
- Sour cream cheesecakes.
- Cabbage or potato cutlets with sour cream.
- Green tea made from natural herbs.Milk tea.
- Fruits: pears, apples, oranges, grapefruits.
- Hard-boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Squid omelette.
- Cabbage casserole in the oven.
- Zucchini casserole.
- Meat pudding.
Meals for diabetes for LUNCH meal list
A normal lunch consists of salads, first and second courses, desserts and drinks.The following dishes are offered for lunch:
Salads:
The basis of salads can be lettuce, fresh cabbage, incl.and Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radish, radish, cucumber, tomato), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheese and fruit.
First courses:
- Soups:
- plant-based vegetarian;
- pearl barley and buckwheat with mushrooms;
- egg rice;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, beans;
- brine;
- fish with celery;
- chicken vegetables;
- Lenten borscht with sour cream.
Second courses:
- Boiled or stewed meat with stewed cabbage.
- Beef Stroganoff with mashed potatoes.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Boiled chicken with millet porridge.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Sandwiches to your liking, made with wholemeal bread.
Desserts:
- Lemon jelly without sugar.
- Carrot cake.
- Curd soufflé.
- Microwave Stevia Chocolate Cake.
- Pumpkin cheesecake without sugar or semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apples.
Drinks
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or cinnamon kefir.
- Rosehip decoction or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (for weight loss).
- Fruit compote with sweetener.
Meals for diabetes for dinner meal list
Dinner dishes could be:
- Cabbage rolls stuffed with vegetables.
- Boiled fish of low-fat varieties.
- Carrot and apple balls with kefir.
- Carrot puree with sour cream.
- Cooked cabbage.
- Vegetable casserole.
1 hour before bedtime
- a glass of kefir;
The above list of dishes is a recommendation;you need to develop your own menu and focus on your well-being.